The German Society of Nephrology said that renal diabetes insipidus is a rare disease that occurs due to a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone, or a decrease in its effect on the kidneys.
The association explained that the cause of this deficiency may be congenital or acquired – for example – due to autoimmunity, trauma, tumors (such as craniopharyngioma, germinoma, or glioma) or surgical operations in the “saddle turcica” area. (The central fossa in the body of the sphenoid bone, which contains the pituitary gland in the skull).
Causes of the acquired type also include hypercalcemia and granulomatous infections (such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Wegener’s disease, or hypophysitis), as well as encephalitis, meningitis, and neurobrucellosis, as well as vascular diseases such as cerebral aneurysms and hypophysitis purpura. thrombotic platelets.
The damage to the kidneys may be due to some active ingredients in medications, such as lithium.
Symptoms
The symptoms of renal diabetes insipidus are frequent urination, extreme thirst, and weakness, which are the characteristic symptoms of true diabetes, which explains the reason for the name.
Symptoms also include fever, confusion, lethargy, dehydration, muscle weakness, cramps, sleep disturbances, and hypernatremia.
Treatment methods
A doctor should be consulted when these symptoms are noticed in order to undergo timely treatment, which is based on treating the possible underlying disease. Medicines such as “desmopressin,” “thiazide,” and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can also be used.
It is also important to drink plenty of fluids to compensate for the amount of urine excreted by the body, while following a low-salt diet.