Hypertensive patients in countries north and south of the equator notice that high blood pressure peaks in winter, while it reaches its lowest level in summer.
It has been proven that seasonal differences in a number of factors related to high pressure may play essential roles in the seasonality of its rise. What are these factors? How do we control it?
temperature
Many studies have found a relationship between blood pressure and external temperature, with the highest pressures recorded at cold temperatures and the lowest at relatively warm temperatures.
The sympathetic nervous system, which is known for its role in responding to dangerous or stressful situations (fight or flight) and secreting stress hormones, increases in activity in response to cold temperatures. This may increase blood pressure through increased heart rate and constriction of blood vessels, making it more difficult for blood to flow through them. .
Vitamin D deficiency
The level of vitamin D varies in many societies when the seasons change, as it increases during summer and spring, and gradually decreases in fall and winter.
Many studies have shown that there is a link between high blood pressure and low levels of vitamin D, and there are some mechanisms that may explain this.
High cholesterol level
Scientists have noted that there is significant seasonal variation in blood cholesterol levels, and many studies have shown higher values in winter.
Interestingly, the annual rhythm of blood cholesterol is not affected by age, gender, body mass index, general diet, or physical activity.
In a study conducted in Norway, free fatty acids and glycerol were found to be high from January to March, low from April to July, and high again from August to September.
Cholesterol in the blood is closely linked to endothelial cell dysfunction and decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide, which may lead to atherosclerosis and, consequently, hypertension.
Physical activity
Overall physical activity levels are significantly higher in summer compared to winter in both sexes.
Physical inactivity is strongly linked to high blood pressure, and studies have shown that increasing physical activity is effective in treating high blood pressure in a variety of patients.
What are the signs of high blood pressure?
Dr. Ashwin Sharma from the online pharmacy “Med Express” said in an interview with the Independent newspaper, “High blood pressure does not often show noticeable symptoms, which is why it is often referred to as a silent condition. However, in some rare cases it can be manifested through symptoms, Such as headache, blurred vision, or chest pain.”
The patient is advised to consult a doctor if he suffers from recurring headaches, blurred vision, intermittent chest pain, or any other symptoms that he suspects may be related to high blood pressure.
What can you do to control blood pressure levels during the winter?
- Stay active indoors.
- Dress warmly and stay warm indoors.
- Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
- Eat a balanced diet.