Scientists from the Robert H. Lurie Center at Northwestern University have made a new discovery related to glioblastoma, one of the most dangerous types of brain tumors.
This tumor is characterized by its rapid spread and its negative impact on the physical and mental abilities of those affected. The average survival after diagnosis of this tumor is about 15 months, and it is often diagnosed in people over the age of 65, according to the US Centers for Disease Control.
Glioblastoma consists of cells that contribute to its spread within the brain. In this context, researchers are working to develop new treatments to improve the chances of survival.
Dr. Jason Miska, assistant professor of neurosurgery, explained that the lack of oxygen inside the tumor contributes significantly to its growth and resistance to treatment, making understanding these mechanisms an important step towards developing an effective treatment.
One of the most important discoveries made by scientists is identifying the role of tumor-associated myeloid cells, which may be a promising target for treatment. Targeting these cells can slow tumor growth and improve response to treatment.
In addition to surgery and chemotherapy, stimulating the immune system is essential in treating glioblastoma, as there are limited immune cells.
In the study, scientists used a drug to target a specific pathway in tumor cells, which led to the reprogramming of immune system responses, as research showed that B-cell vaccines are able to infiltrate the tumor and produce antibodies that prevent its spread.
Ultrasound-based technology has also been developed to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, allowing drugs and immunotherapy to be delivered directly to tumors, an important advance in the fight against glioblastoma.
Dr. Hinda Najm, a postdoctoral fellow, said that the results showed that activating this pathway can make a big difference in the immune response to the tumor.